Ancient greek ART AND ARCHITECTURE
ORDERS-
There are three kinds of orders. Doric, Ionic and Corinthian. The orders are just the three main architectural systems that the Greek developed. Each of them has their own details and or proportions in which makes them very different from the other. The Doric order is the sturdiest of the three. The top of it (or the capital) is plain. Rather flat. This type of order was used in the mainland of Greece. Parthenon is the temple of Athena. Parthenon is a Doric order. This temple basically means “virgin” for the goddess of wisdom. It helps with communication and the ideals of order and harmony. This type of order was usually used in the 5th century BC. This is when the Parthenon was constructed. Ionic order is thinner and more elegant. Its capital has a scroll type design. As known as a volute. This order is usually found in the eastern part of Greece over by the islands. The temple of Apollo at Didyma is dipteral. It has two sets of columns and it surrounds a small chamber. It’s the former grandeur of the ancient temple in 300 BC. The last kind of order is Corinthian order. This style is seldom used in Greek. Corinthians capital is very elaborate. Not plain at all. It’s decorated with many designs but mostly acanthus leaves. The Corinthian order was the latest order. It didn’t have full development until the 4th century. The temple of Apollo at Bassae has a Corinthian order. It was made in c. 420 B.C. The Greek never really used this order. The only real things they used the Corinthian order for were the temple of Zeus at Athens (started in the 2nd century B.C and finished in the 2ne century A.D.), choragic monument of Lysicrates (335 B.C).
ACROPOLIS
There are many Acropolises throughout Greece but the one in Athens is best known. Acropolis means “The sacred rock, the high city” in Greek. The Acropolis in Athens is dedicated to the goddess of wisdom Athena. There are many different myths and legends about the Acropolis and how it’s connected to Athena. Also many festivals and events are based on or connected to the Acropolis. The Acropolis was developed in the late Cretaceous period. It is made of limestone and Attica plateau which includes the Likavitos hill, the Philopappos hill, the hill of the Nymphs, and the Pnyx. The Acropolis could also be known as the Cecropia. The reason it was also named this was because of the mythological half serpent half man named Cecrops who was the first real considerable ruler or King of Athens. Athenian King.
PARTHENON
The Parthenon was built to replace the temple called Persians, which was destroyed. The Parthenon cost 469 silver talents to build. The money used for construction came from a fund called Delian League funds. Perciles began the construction of Parthenon to show that he had wealth and power over Athens. A cult statue of Athena Parthenons is how the Parthenon was named. It took almost fifteen years to complete the Parthenon. It was started 447 B.C and was finished 432 B.C. There were five main people who helped out with the construction of Parthenon, Pericles, Phidias, Kalamis, Ictinus and Calibrates.
Although the Acropolis and the Parthenon look similar in many ways they both have different meanings, structures and things they stand for.
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